CLASS. [This entry comprises two articles. The first explores Islamic concepts of social class; the second considers the application of class analysis to the study […]
DAWLAH. An Arabic term from the root d-w-l, meaning to rotate, alternate, take turns, or occur periodically, dawlah, in a modern context, refers to the […]
Pardah is a religious and social practice of female seclusion prevalent among some Muslimand Hindu communities in South Asia. It takes two forms: physical segregation of the sexes and the requirement that […]