MAWDUDI, SAYYID ABU AL-A’LA

MAWDUDI, SAYYID ABU AL-A’LA (also rendered from Urdu as Abu’l-A`la Maududi; 25 September 1903 – 22 September 1979) Islamic ideologue and politician. Sayyid Abu al-A’la […]

MAURITANIA

MAURITANIA. The place of Mauritania in the Islamic history of the Maghrib dates at least from the birth of the Almoravid dynasty, but it was […]

MATHEMATICS

MATHEMATICS. The mathematical sciences occupy a prominent place in Islamic intellectual history. Historically called `ulum riyadiyah or ta’limiyah (pedagogic mathematics), they comprised the four main […]

MASLAHAH

MASLAHAH. Public interest (al-masalih   almursalah) is regarded in shari `ah (the divine law) as a basis of law. According to necessity and particular circumstances, […]

MASYUMI

MASJUMI. One of Indonesia’s main political parties during the period of parliamentary democracy in the 1950s, the Masjumi (also spelled Masyumi under the new system […]

MASHHAD

MASHHAD. An Arabic word meaning “a place where a martyr died,” mashhad is the gravesite of an imam of Ithna `Ashari Shiism believed to have […]

MARYAM JAMEELAH

MARYAM JAMEELAH (May 23, 1934 – October 31, 2012), revivalist ideologist. Maryam Jameelah was born Margaret Marcus to a Jewish family in New Rochelle, New […]

MARTYRDOM

MARTYRDOM. Islam accords a special status to those who lose or sacrifice their lives in the service of their religion. This is clear from the […]

MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE

MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE. [To articulate religious values and traditions reflected in marriage and divorce in modern Islamic societies, this entry comprises two articles: Legal Foundations […]

MARJA` AL-TAQLID

MARJA` AL-TAQLID. The term marja al-taglid designates the highest ranking authorities of the Twelver Shi`i community. They are usually few in number. In local or […]