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ELIJAH MUHAMMAD

ELIJAH MUHAMMAD (October 7, 1897 – February 25, 1975), leader of the Black Muslim group, the Nation of Islam, for more than forty years. Born Paul […]

EGYPT

EGYPT. Religion plays a major role in Egypt today. Approximately 9o percent of modern Egypt’s estimated 61 million inhabitants are Sunni Muslim. There are several […]

EDUCATION

EDUCATION. [To explore the dimensions of education in the modern Islamic world, this entry comprises five articles: Religious Education Educational Institutions Educational Methods Educational Reform, […]

ECONOMICS

ECONOMICS. [This entry comprises two articles. The first traces the rise and growth of contemporary Islamic economic doctrine; the second surveys the operations of institutions […]

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. As Europe’s Industrial Revolution got underway, the Islamic world was in the final phase of a protracted decline that began around the twelfth […]

DURRANI DYNASTY

DURRANI  DYNASTY. The origin of the Durrani (also known as Abdali) Dynasty coincided with the violent death of the Iranian monarch Nadir Shah Afshar (1747) […]

ABD AL-AZIZ AL-DURI

ABD AL-`AZIZ AL-DURI, ( 1919-Nov. 19, 2010), Iraqi educator and Arabist social historian. Born in Baghdad, he was educated there and at London University. He […]

DRUZE

DRUZE. The Druze faith, or tawhid, grew out of the extremist Isma’ili Shi’i theology that prevailed in early Fatimid Cairo. This system had promised a […]