Archives

CUMHURIYET HALK PARTISI

CUMHURIYET HALK PARTISI. A major political organisation inTurkeyfor sixty years the Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (Republican People’s Party or CHP) was founded some weeks before the […]

CRIMINAL LAW

CRIMINAL LAW. The body of law dealing with wrongs that are punishable by the state with the object of deterrence is known as criminal law. […]

CRIMEA KHANATE

CRIMEA KHANATE. Comprising most of the Crimean peninsula and some of the Desht-i Kipchak (the steppeland north of the peninsula and theBlack Sea), the Khanate […]

COSMOLOGY

COSMOLOGY. In Islamic cosmology, the cosmos or the universe (al-`alam) is defined generally as “everything other than God.” This definition, universally accepted in Islam, has […]

CALIPHATE OF CORDOBA

CORDOBA, CALIPHATE OF. In AH 138/756 CE, after the fall of the Umayyad dynasty inDamascus, `Abd al-Rahman I ibn Mu’awiyah, an Umayyad prince, established himself […]

CONVERSION

CONVERSION. In one of the first divine revelations recorded in the Qur’an, the prophet Muhammed was commanded by God to “arise and warn!” (74.1). This […]