MAWDUDI, SAYYID ABU AL-A’LA (also rendered from Urdu as Abu’l-A`la Maududi; 25 September 1903 – 22 September 1979) Islamic ideologue and politician. Sayyid Abu al-A’la […]
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MAURITANIA
MAURITANIA. The place of Mauritania in the Islamic history of the Maghrib dates at least from the birth of the Almoravid dynasty, but it was […]
MATHEMATICS
MATHEMATICS. The mathematical sciences occupy a prominent place in Islamic intellectual history. Historically called `ulum riyadiyah or ta’limiyah (pedagogic mathematics), they comprised the four main […]
MASLAHAH
MASLAHAH. Public interest (al-masalih almursalah) is regarded in shari `ah (the divine law) as a basis of law. According to necessity and particular circumstances, […]
MASHHAD
MASHHAD. An Arabic word meaning “a place where a martyr died,” mashhad is the gravesite of an imam of Ithna `Ashari Shiism believed to have […]
MARYAM JAMEELAH
MARYAM JAMEELAH (May 23, 1934 – October 31, 2012), revivalist ideologist. Maryam Jameelah was born Margaret Marcus to a Jewish family in New Rochelle, New […]
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE. [To articulate religious values and traditions reflected in marriage and divorce in modern Islamic societies, this entry comprises two articles: Legal Foundations […]
MARJA` AL-TAQLID
MARJA` AL-TAQLID. The term marja al-taglid designates the highest ranking authorities of the Twelver Shi`i community. They are usually few in number. In local or […]