MAHMUD, MUSTAFA (25 December 1921 – 31 October 2009), leading Egyptian Islamist philosopher, author, and scientist. Many scholars argue that Islamism in the Middle East […]
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MAHKAMAH
MAHKAMAH. Meaning a “place of judgment,” the term mahkamah has come to refer to all forms of law court in the Arabic-speaking world. In traditional […]
MAHDIYAH
MAHDIYAH. In the last twenty years of the nineteenth century, the northern territories of the presentday Democratic Republic of the Sudan were dominated by a […]
MAHDI, AL-SADIQ AL
MAHDI, AL-SADIQ AL- (December 25, 1935), Sudanese Islamic-Mahdist theologian and contemporary political leader. As great-grandson of the Sudanese Mahdi, Muhammad Ahmad ibn `Abdallah (d. 1885), […]
MAHDI
MAHDI. The term mahdi (“divinely guided one”) has come to denote an eschatological figure whose presence will usher in an era of justice and true […]
MAGIC AND SORCERY
MAGIC AND SORCERY. According to Henri Hubert and Marcel Mauss (“Esquisse d’une theorie generale de la magic,” in Mauss’s Sociologie et anthropologie, Paris, 1950, pp. […]
MADRASAH
MADRASAH. An establishment of learning where the Islamic sciences are taught, the madrasah is a college for higher studies. During the tenth and eleventh centuries, […]
MADINAH AL-FADILAH, AL
MADINAH AL-FADILAH, AL-. The term almadinah al fadilah (“virtuous city”) reminds one first, and most properly, of the famous book written by the illustrious Abu […]
MADANI,ABBASI
ABBASI MADANI(MADANI, `ABBASI) (b. 1931), Algerian Islamic activist and political leader. `Abbasi Madani was born in Sidi `Ugbah, in southeastern Algeria. The son of a religious […]
LOYA JIRGA
LOYA JIRGA. Councils summoned by Afghan rulers over the past century to consolidate their authority and nationalist programs have been called by this term, which […]