RITES OF PASSAGE. Rituals conducted at different stages of life, from conception until death and after, are means through which human beings live and act […]
Category: Encyclopedia
RISALE-I NUR
The Risale-i Nur Collection is a tafsir (Islamic exegesis) on the Qur’an written by Bediuzzaman Said Nursi between the 1910s and 1950s in Turkey. The […]
RIGHTLY GUIDED CALIPHS
RIGHTLY GUIDED CALIPHS. Sunni Muslims see the first four successors of the Prophet as caliphs who were “rightly guided” or “following the right path,” and […]
RIFA’IYAH
RIFA’IYAH. The Sunni Sufi order known as the Rifa’iyah played an important role in the institutionalization of Sufism. In all likelihood, until the fifteenth century […]
REVOLUTION
REVOLUTION. In contemporary Islamic discourse, there are various terms that bear on the social-science concept of revolution as a rising up against constituted authority. However, […]
REVIVAL AND RENEWAL
REVIVAL AND RENEWAL. The Arabic terms ihya’ (revival) and tajdid (renewal) are often used in the context of modern Islamic movements, but they also have […]
REVELATION
REVELATION. At the basis of Islam is the idea that God periodically reveals his will, providing precise information to guide human affairs and to lead […]
REPUBLICAN BROTHERS
REPUBLICAN BROTHERS. In 1945 a small group of Sudanese led by Mahmud Muhammad Taha organized the Republican Party to oppose both the establishment of a […]