MASLAHAH. Public interest (al-masalih almursalah) is regarded in shari `ah (the divine law) as a basis of law. According to necessity and particular circumstances, […]
Tag: encyclopedia
MASHHAD
MASHHAD. An Arabic word meaning “a place where a martyr died,” mashhad is the gravesite of an imam of Ithna `Ashari Shiism believed to have […]
MARYAM JAMEELAH
MARYAM JAMEELAH (May 23, 1934 – October 31, 2012), revivalist ideologist. Maryam Jameelah was born Margaret Marcus to a Jewish family in New Rochelle, New […]
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE. [To articulate religious values and traditions reflected in marriage and divorce in modern Islamic societies, this entry comprises two articles: Legal Foundations […]
MARJA` AL-TAQLID
MARJA` AL-TAQLID. The term marja al-taglid designates the highest ranking authorities of the Twelver Shi`i community. They are usually few in number. In local or […]
MARAGHI, MUSTAFA AL
MARAGHI, MUSTAFA AL- (1881-1945), Egyptian reformist and rector of al-Azhar (1928-1929 and 1935-1945) Shaykh Mustafa al-Maraghi is the link between the reforms of his mentor […]
MAMLUK STATE
MAMLUK STATE. A regime controlled by slave soldiers (sg. mamluk, pl. mamalik; “one owned”) governed Egypt, Syria, southeastern Asia Minor, and western Arabia (al-Hijaz; the […]
MALKOM KHAN
MALKOM KHAN (1833/34-1908), or Malkom Khan, an enigmatic figure in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Iranian history. He was an advocate of progress and reform, […]